Steam-engine



(No Model.)

s sheetssheet 1.' W ESTY.

STEAM ENGINE.

(No Model.) 5 3 sheets-sheet 2. W. ESTY.

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 355,814. Patented Jan. 11,1887.

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3. W. ESTY.

STEAM ENGINE. l Y No. 355,814. Patented Jan. 11, 1887.

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,. ai G V//////////////` l V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICIEL I WILLIAMEsTY; or LAooNIA, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AssIGNoE oF Two-Turnus 'ro-LEWIS E.BUsIEL, 0E SAME ,PLAGE AND GEORGE W. sHEEWELL, oF 'LAKE VILLAGE, NEWHAMPSHIRE.' 1

STEAM-ENGINE.

'sPEcrPrcATroN forming part of Letters-Parent No. 355,814, earedJanuary-11,1837.

Applicatonfled August 7, 1886. Serial No, 210,297. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EsTY, of .Laconia, inthe county of Belknapand State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Engines, of which the following, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

My invention relates to single-acting steam- Io engines, andparticularly to that class of su'ch l,engines in which a series ofsteaIn-cylinders 'arranged in a circle about the axis of the crankshaft,and with their axes parallel to each other and to said shaft, are used;audit consists in certain novel .features o'f construction, arrangement,and combination of parts, which will be best understood by reference tothe description of the drawings, and tothe claims to be hereinaftergiven.

Figure 1 ofthe drawings is a central vertical longitudinal gine with thecrank-shaft and a screw-propeller mounted thereon in elevation. Fig. 2is a transverse section on line 1 1 on Fig. 1, with the pistons removed,and looking toward the steam-ports. Fig. 3 is a transversesection online 2 2 on Fig. 1, looking toward the righthand end of Fig. 1, with thepistons removed. Fig. 4 is a section through the cylinder-cast- 3o ingand the valve-seat on line 3 8 on Figs. l2

and 3. Fig. 5 is a section-through the valve, the eccentric, and thevalvereversingoblique cylinder on line 4 4 on Fig. 1, and showing thecombined valve-seat and eylinder.-head in elevation. Fig. 6 is a sectionthrough the crank-shaft and thefvalve-reversing oblique cylinder on line5 5 0n Fig. 1, looking toward the left-hand end of Fig. 1`, and showingthe valve and eccentric i-n elevation. Fig. 7 is a 4o transverse sectionon line 6 6 on Fig. 1, looking toward the left-hand of Fig. l, andshowing the interior parts beyond in elevation. Fig. 8 is a transversesection on line 7 7 on F'g.' 1, looking toward right of said figure, andshowing the counter-balance, the oil-pipe, and the -gage for viewing theheight ofthe oil in elevation.- yFig. 9 is anelevation of the inner endof the combined crank-sleeve and duplex lever to be acted upon by thepistons through I the several connecting-rods section of my improved en(shown in section) to cause a rotation of the s aft, and ,showing a'portion of the casingv and the guideway for preventing the rotation ofsaid sleeve in sec'- v A tion. Fig; 10 isa longitudinal section throughthe eccentric, the oblique cylinder for reversing the valve 'oradjusting the throw of the eccentric, and the sleeve for carrying thereversing slide and block, the .cutting-plane being. at right angles toFig. 1,. and showing a portion of the crank-shaft in elevation.; andFig; 11 is a transverse section on line 8 8 on Fig. 10, looking towardthe right of said figure.

In the drawings, A is the cylinder-casting, having formed therein aseries of cylinders, a a Iat2 a3, &c., preferably six in number, thougha greater or lcss number may be used, if desired, arranged in a circlewith their axes parallel, to cach other, and also having formed thereinthe annular exhaust-chamber b, the exhaust-passages b leading from theexhaustports b2 in the valve-seat B to said exhaustchamber b, thelateral exhaust-portsvbi, and the annular air-'chamber c, all as shownin Figs. 1, 23, and 4.

The'cylinder-casting A is in the form of an outer rim or ring, having acentral hub,'A', connected to' said rim by spokes c', said hub A beingbored out to form a' bearing for the ward end. made conical or in theform of a. frustumof a cone, against which the inner end of thecrank-sleeve C abuts, as shown in Fig. l.

By is the cylinder-head vandlvalve-seat, in the form of an annularplate,havin`g formed therein "crank-shaft C, and having its outer orforthe exhaust-portsb2and steam-ports b* b4, and

provided with the cylinder D,l which projects from its inner edge andhas formed upon its outer periphery at its end a nIale screwthread,which screws into a corresponding female thread in the inner peripheryof the rim of the casting A in such a manner as to form Yan annularair-space betweeny said rim and cylinder, as shown at d in' Figs, 1, 2,and, 4.

yE is the steam-chest, in the fornil of a ring,

having an L-shaped crosssection, to the inner y 1 periphery yofwhich isscrewed the ring E', also having an L-shaped cross-section, in such a 3ol'ing splinegrooves in the cylinder G and sleeve manner to form asteam-tight joint between said rings at d and form anannularair-chamber;as 'atfd2 in Fig.- 1.

F is a ring-valve, provided upon one side with the annularexhaust-passage e and upon its other side with the packing-ring e',which works againsththe face of the ring E', between which and thecombined valve-seat and cylin-l derh`ead B thevalve F is'moved.

The valve F is provided with a central hub or sleeve, F2, .connected tothe valve-ring by spokes e2 e2, which sleeve incloses the eccenf tricF', as show'n in Figs. 1, 5, and-6.

The eccentricl F' is bored out obliquely to t the cylinder.G, which'ismounted upon the crank-shaft C, in such a manner thatzit may be-moved endwise thereon,while at'. the same time it must be revolvedtherewith The cyl'nder G isbored-outfobliquely to re.-

ceive the shaft C, so that its two ends are 'eccentric to the axis ,of`said shaft in; diametri'c- "ally-opposite directions, whilezat. the,center of its length it is concentric to saidl axis,

all as shown in Figs. -10 and 11. A sleeve G., pro vided with the flangef and the; split and threaded collar f', is also` mounted loosely uponsaid shaft C and secured to the cylinder G by the screwsfifasshowninFigsJU andlL flhe shaft C has set therein one or more spline-keys, g,which project intoeorrespondf G', to guide said parts in their endwisemovements 'and compel them to revolve 'with said shaft. The eccentric Fis in'like manner vsplined to the cylinder G,'so as to be compelled torevolver therewith, and at the same time Y. permit the oblique cylindervG to be moved endwis'elthrough said eccentric for the purpose 44o ofstopping or reversing .the engine. l'Upon the sleeve G is fittedthe-block H,

having` formed in its upper side the T-shaped groove. h, 'in which isfitted, so as to slide therein, the correspondingly-shaped block h',which also has a bearing upon the crank-pn h, set in the under sideofthe disk B', iirmly secured to the lower end ofthe shaft Hhaviug itsbearinginthestandard or column Ls'crewed into. the casing...l, .saidqshaft having secured toy its upper endthe hand-lever 12, by which saidshaft and diskmay be moved about the axis of said shaft-for the purposeof moving the cylinder G and sleeve G endwise upon'the shaft ,'0, saidlever` being locked in any desired 'position by the spring-actuatedlever i, engaging with notches i i in the segment y@",secured tig theupper end of the column l,`as shown in 41g.1. f

The casing-l isp'rovidedfwith the handhole 1*, closed by the cover I,and also with the inwardly-projecting hubl, in which is formed-anotherbearing for the shaft C. The casing I is also provided with the exteriorhub,l, to which is screwed the chambered capl, in which is formed thest'uing-'box 19,

as shown in Fig. 1. Within the chamber-edv cap I the shaft C has mountedthereon one or more annular steel plates or washers, i2, and

the split threaded collar or nut r#,which, after being adj usted, may beclamped to the threaded' shaft by theclamping screw'or'lbolt i5' in awell-known manner, said collar and washers serving to take the thrust ofthe screw-propeller J, mounted upon and rmly secured to the end ofsaidshaft C.

The arrangement shownl inFig.` 1 ofthe drawings illustrates theapplication of my improved engine 'to driving the screw-propeller of ayacht or other boat, the stern-post of the boat (not shown) occupyingthe space between the propeller J and the stuffing-box 19;. but if theengine is desired to be used for driving.

other machinery itis only necessarytoremove thefpropeller and substitutetherefor a suitable pulley.

The casing I and the steam chest; E. are secured to the cylinder-castingby aseries of bolts, j, which Vpass through the cylinder-headandscrewinto the cylinder-casting A, asshown l in Fig. 1.

K is a casi-ng, which incloses the periphery of the steam-chest and theIiange of the casing I', and is secured to the latter' by the screws j',the same being so formed and fitted thereto as to form an'annularair-space, 7.1, fbev tween it and said ange and the, steam-chest,

shown'in Figs. 1 and 7.

The cylinder-casting A has bolted to its end opposite to the steam-chestE the casing L, cast in the ,form of a hollow cylinder, with aninwardly-projecting flange at each end, by means ,of one of which andthebolts l said casing is secured to said cylinder-casting, and to theother of which the head L is`secured by the bolts Z', said casing beingprovided at.

`its upper side with the hand-hole L2, which is closed by the cover L,as shown in Figs. 1

and 8.

A portion,vC2,. of the shaft C at the end opposite to that to which thepropellerissecured, is bent to an'angleto the main body of saidshaft,and has mounted thereon the sleeve C', the inner -end of which abutsagainst the conilia cal end of the hub A"V of the cylinder-castingandthe opposite end. against one of the steel washers m, looselyfitted-upon the-shaft,

- and held in .place by the'split threaded collar or nut m', which,after being properly adjustedupon the threaded portion of said shaft,

is firmly clam-ped thereto by the clamping-bolt n in a well-knownmanuel", said washers andv upon or set in its end a pin or lug, o, whichis fitted to and worksA in a longitudinal groove,

o', formed in the lower part of the casing L, for the purpose ofpreventing the sleeve C and arms Ofrom. revolving about the axis of theangular portionof the shaft C, which forms the crank and has formed uponits extreme end 'the crank-pin p, the axis of which is parallel with theaxis of revolution of said shaft C, and is tittedto a bearing in'thelight arm of the counterbalance-lever P, which has its bearing upon andrevolves about the stud P', set in the center of the head L in axialline with the main body of the shaft G, all as shown in Figs. l and S.

The exhaust-steam escapes from the chamber b through the pipe b5, fromwhich it may be conveyed in a suitable pipe to the smokestack of theboiler, or to any other desired point.

Q is the steam-pipe, through which steam is admitted to the steam-chestE.

.The chalnbers formed by the casings l' and L are to be partially filledwith oil,'so -that the armed sleeve G' O, the crank-shaft C, and thecounterbalance-lever P, as the engine is oper ated, will causevasplashing of the-oil that will eiectually lubricate all of the movingpartsof the engine.

. R R' is a pipe leading from the chamber.

formed by the casing L at the. bottom and communicating therewith-againat or near the top of said chamber. the vertical portion R' of the oilin said chambers 'within the casings I which is made of glass, so thatthe height of may readily be seen.

The operationof my invention is as follows: The positions of thecrankshaft C and the pistons N being as shown in Fig. V1, and of thevalve as' shown in Fig. 5, and the chambers and L beingI properlycharged with oil, if steam beadmitted to the steanf-chest E it passesdirectly into the cylinders a and c', the port b* of the latter' beingwide open .and that of the former havingjust commenced to open, and asthe ports b* ofthe cylinders as, a, and afihave been more or lessuncovered by the inner edge of the outer rim of the annular valveFys'othat the steam which has j ust done its Work in said cylinders isexhausting through said ports into the annular chamber or passage e, andthence through the ports b2 into the chamber b, and thence through thepipe Z tothe smoke-stack of the boileror to the open air, the directpressure ofthe steam upon the pistons of the cylinders aand a and theexpansion of the steam in the cylinder a", the supply of steam to whichhas just been cut oft', acting through the connecting-rods N upon thosearms O of the sleeve C' which are nearest to their respective cylinders,will cause the crank-shaft to be revolved in the direction indicated bythe larrows on Figs. 2, 5, and 8, the oblique or crank portion of saidshaft revolving in the sleeve M, which itself does not revolve, but hasimparted to it a sort'of universal rocking motion, its inner end nearthe shaft C rolling about the conical end of the hub A' of thecylinde1-casting A, and constantly changing its point of contacttherewith. It' itis de- Cfhaving the effect of which is to move thesleeve G that the opposite end of said cylinder now does to the otherside of said eccentric.

The annular air-chamber d2 is connected by the .oblique hole dsto theannularair-chamber k, which communicates with the open-air through thevent-hole k. The annular airchamber d communicates by an oblique hole,d4, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4,) with the annular air-chamber c,which latter is 1n com munication wi th the open air through theventhole d5. These air-chambers serve to keep the engine much coolerthan it otherwise would be', by virtue of the circulation of air throughthe same. i I am aware of the Letters Patent N o. 198,535,

granted to James Davies. December 25, 1877,. .and I do not claimanything therein shown or described. l

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is v l. 'In combination with a'series of stationarycylinders arranged in a circle with their axes parallel to eachother anda piston arranged to Work in each of said cylinders, a shaft mounted inbearings with its axis parallel to yand equidistant from each of saidcylinders and having a portion thereof at one end bent at an obtuseangle toits main body, a sleeve mountedv upon saidl angular portion ofthe shaft and carrying a series of sockets corresponding in number tosaid cylinders, and a corresponding series of rods connecting saidsockets With the pistons in said cylinders, a plurality of collars onthe angular portion of said shaft arranged to take lthe thrustof saidIOO sleeve, all constructed, arranged, and adapted to operatesubstantially as described.

'2. The casting A, having formed therein a plurality of cylindersarranged in a circle and parallel to each `other,and provided with-acentral hub having'a conical outer end, the shaft a portionthereof bentat an obtuse.l

angle to its lmain body, the thrust-collars mm', secured to said obliqueportion, the sleeve C', mounted upon the oblique'crank, between saidthrust-collars and the conical end of the hub A', and provided with thesocketed arms O, the pistons N, and a series of rods connecting saidpistons and socketed arms, substantially as described. l,

3. The combination'of they ders a a' a2 a3, &c.,'the shaft C, provided`with the oblique cylindrical crank C, having formed upon its end thecrank-pin p, the thrust-y collars m m', the sl'eeve C', providedwith a;series of socketed arms O, the pistons N, the series of -rods N', thelixed stud P', and the counterbalance-.lever P, all constructed, ar-

IIS

ranged, andoperating substantially as .de-v scribed.A Y i 4. Incombination with-a series of cyllnders arranged in acircle with theiraxes parallel 4through said .'onewlth each of' said cylinders,

or nearly so, -vcombined in one piece,

off exhaustpassagescut th rough said valve- U' `seat/.and extending. to

chamber Within .thecircle of the inner wall of said' an nnlarexhaustsaid annular' airchamber,.-\ substantially Aas shown anddescribed.

l stantially as described A.cyliniiers arranged in acircle,

j 5.',The combination of a series of cylinders, ,a a a2, Suc., eachprovided `with the lateralex'- Ah austiport 4bj, vand? passages b', thevalveseat B, provided t'he annular exhaust-chamber b,

with the' *series of steam-ports b* and the series ofexhaufs'tlports112,: and the annularvvalve F, allconst'ructed, arranged, and operatingsubl6,. Inf-'combination' with a series of steamthe annular airchambersc and d, arranged relative to said4 cylinders andto each other,substantiallyV as 7. AThe annular, air-chambers c and d, ar--l j rangedone exteriorly of said Iseries of cylinders and one'within the circle ofsaid cylinders Aand connected4 by the hole dj* and. comlmunicating withthe atmosphere by the venthole d5, substantially as described. I

8,. In combination with a serres of cylinders 4arranged in a circle withtheir axes parallel, or. nearly so, to eachother, the shaft C, ar,-

. ranged Withits axis equidistant from the axes of saidcylinders,.anannular valve-seat sur.`

theretotth'e cylinder G, mounted obliquely and movable longitudinallyuponsaid shaft a C, the eccentric v1i" provided with an oblique'cylinder so as f the sleeve C', providedw'ith,

y ,"July, A. D. 1886. rounding said shaft` and forming a head to l -eachof said cylinders With ports leading bore io-nt the the same time thecylinder G may, be moved endwise through the same, and the annular .tricandmovable thereby in a plane at right vangles to the axis ot'-saidcylinders, substantially as described. f

9. The combination pf the shaft C, `theobcylinder Gf, and splined tosaid to revolvetherewith, vwhile at valve F, ittedto the .periphery of`said eccen-- lique cylinderq-G, t-he sleeve1G, the grooved block IL'thesliding block h'., the crank-pin h2,

thedisk or crankjH, the shaft Hl, and mechanism for moving said shaftaboutitsaxis,

substantially as described. f s; i

, 10. The steam-chest E, in omiiihau 'wan the L-shaped ring ;E',screwed-,thereto and forming between said chest and ring, theaunular airchamber d2, substantially as `described.-

11. In combination with a seriesof cyli nders..

arranged in azcirclewiththeir axes: parallel, lor nearly so, toeachother, the shaft .(5, arranged equidistant fromy the -axesof saidcyl- Vinders and provided `with theangular section pistonrod l for. eachcylinder,

socketed arms IO C?, apiston ,and

O, andthe pin or lug o,`and the casing L,.pro vided Withthelongitudi nalguiding-groove o', all constructed, arranged, and loperatingsubstantially as described. ,A

12.` In combinat onwlth the annular steamychest-E, the annular air`chambers d?, surround-- ing the exterior of .said steam-chest, and the vannular air-chamber k, contiguous to and par- -allel with the innervwall of said steam-ches@ and connectedtogetherby the oblique hole d3 andcommunicatingwith the atmosphere by the vent-hole 7c', substantially asdescribed. i

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to thisl specification, inthe presence o two subscribing witnesses, on this 20th day of y IWILLIAM nsTY. litnesses:y l

STEPHEN S.Y 'JEWF/rr,

` SIMMES BLAoKsToNE.

